[post]: My move to wayland: it's finally ready

_posts/2024-01-23-my-move-to-wayland-it-s-finally-ready.md

@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+---
+layout: post
+title: 'My move to wayland: it''s finally ready'
+date: 2024-01-23 17:57 -0500
+categories: ['linux', 'wayland', 'xorg', 'gnome', 'archlinux']
+tags: ['linux', 'wayland', 'xorg', 'gnome', 'archlinux']
+author: edu4rdshl
+image:
+  path: /wayland-gnome.png
+  alt: Wayland and Gnome. Image by itsfoss.com
+---
+
+I was a Wayland detractor, had very bad experiences with it in the past, but I decided to give it a try again, and it's time to say goodbye to Xorg.
+
+## My past experiences with Wayland
+
+I tried Wayland for the first time in 2016, I was using ArchLinux, tried to create a Wayland setup using Sway on my Intel laptop. The remnants of that setup, can still be found in my [GitHub repo](https://github.com/Edu4rdSHL/linuxscripts/tree/8acc4a6bff033db7291d701169beb8d5c278f3eb/user-config).
+
+I had a lot of problems with it, a LOT of applications didn't work, not natively, not through XWayland, and the few applications that worked, had a lot of bugs, like closing unexpectedly, stop responding to mouse events, sporadic freezes, etc. I use my PC for work, therefore I can't afford to have a buggy system, so I decided to go back to Xorg.
+ 
+## Why I decided to give it a try again?
+
+My setup was working perfectly with Xorg, using Xfce as my desktop environment, but the news about Fedora and other distributions going Wayland by default, Gnome 45 and its many Wayland improvements, Nvidia drivers supporting GBM, and the fact that I was curious about the advances of Wayland, made me want to give it a try again.
+
+## My current setup
+
+I'm not using my laptop anymore, currently I use a desktop PC with an AMD Ryzen 9 5950X, 2 NVMe of 1TB each one, 64GB of RAM, and an Nvidia RTX 3090 Ti (one of the main reasons of the curiosity to try Wayland). The software installed is ArchLinux with Gnome (45.3), BTRFS, the Nvidia drivers from the official repositories (545.29.06 at this date), and, Xwayland (23.2.4).
+
+## My current experience with Wayland
+
+I switched from Xfce (Xorg) to Gnome (Wayland) about 2 months ago, and I have to say that I'm very happy with it, I haven't had any problems with it after [tweaking some configs](#some-settings-needs-to-be-updated), I'm using it with the Nvidia drivers, and I haven't had any problems with it either, Xwayland works very well too, I like to play games on my PC using Steam and Lutris and everything has worked perfectly there as well.
+
+I only have noticed some bugs on the Steam client, which creates some artifacts in the application while scrolling, but it's not a big deal.
+
+## The daily software I use
+
+I use my PC for work, so I use a lot of software, which includes a lot of the infamous Electron apps: VSCode, Slack, Discord, Spotify, Element Desktop, Obsidian, Signal Desktop, Termius, Insomnia, Tidal HiFi, and many others, as well as Google Chrome, WeeChat, Dino (XMPP client), and a lot of other software. Again, I haven't had any problems with the mentioned software after [tweaking some configs](#some-settings-needs-to-be-updated).
+
+As usual, there are some alternatives that should "just work" with Wayland, but the amount of configurations required to get the previous software working is very small, plus, the fact that I'm already used to that software for years, makes me want to keep using them and I'm very happy with the results.
+
+## Some settings needs to be updated
+
+Xorg and Wayland are totally different, so, it's expected that some settings need to be updated, here are some of the settings I had to update to get my setup working properly:
+
+### Electron apps
+
+All you need is a `.conf` file in your `$XDG_CONFIG_HOME` folder (usually `$HOME/.config`), or whatever the application read it (if capable) with the following content:
+
+```bash
+--enable-features=UseOzonePlatform
+--ozone-platform=wayland
+--enable-features=WaylandWindowDecorations
+```
+
+There are applications that doesn't read the `.conf` file, so you need to update the `.desktop` file, to avoid changes being overwritten, you can copy the `.desktop` file to your `$XDG_DATA_HOME/applications` (usually `$HOME/.local/share/applications`) folder, and update the `Exec` line with the following content:
+
+```bash
+Exec=/usr/bin/executable --enable-features=UseOzonePlatform --ozone-platform=wayland --enable-features=WaylandWindowDecorations %U
+```
+
+### Google Chrome
+
+[Google Chrome Beta](https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/google-chrome-beta) reads the configuration [from](https://aur.archlinux.org/cgit/aur.git/tree/google-chrome-beta.sh?h=google-chrome-beta) `$HOME/.config/chrome-beta-flags.conf`, so you can create a file with the following content:
+
+```bash
+--ozone-platform-hint=auto
+--enable-features=NativeNotifications,UseOzonePlatform
+```
+
+and it will configure the application to use Wayland.
+
+### Visual Studio Code
+
+I use the [visual-studio-code-insiders-bin](https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/visual-studio-code-insiders-bin) package, and it reads the configuration from `$HOME/.config/code-flags.conf`, so you can add the same content as for the Electron apps. I decided to add this app here separately because as far as I know, the `code` app from the official repositories doesn't work with Wayland.
+
+### Nvidia drivers
+
+Please read the [ArchWiki](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/wayland#NVIDIA_driver) for more information about this. Basically, enable DRM KMS and you're good to go. For Xwayland apps, you want to enable `kms-modifiers` on Gnome, that's as easy as running the following command:
+
+```bash
+gsettings set org.gnome.mutter experimental-features [\"kms-modifiers\"]
+```
+
+### GTK
+
+GTK 3 and 4 have Wayland enabled by default, but you can force it for another versions by setting the following environment variable (probably in your `profile.d`):
+
+```bash
+export GDK_BACKEND=wayland
+```
+
+Check [this](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/GTK#Wayland_backend) if you're having issues with themes.
+
+### QT
+
+QT 5 and 6 have Wayland enabled by default only if the `qt5-wayland` and `qt6-wayland` packages are installed, for another versions, set the following environment variable (probably in your `profile.d`):
+
+```bash
+export QT_QPA_PLATFORM=wayland
+```
+
+## Additional tweaks
+
+### Extensions
+
+I use the following extensions:
+
+- Workspace Indicator (built-in).
+- [Blur my shell](https://extensions.gnome.org/extension/3193/blur-my-shell/)
+- [Caffeine](https://extensions.gnome.org/extension/517/caffeine/)
+- [Freon](https://extensions.gnome.org/extension/841/freon/)
+- [Grand theft focus](https://extensions.gnome.org/extension/5410/grand-theft-focus/)
+
+### Additional packages
+
+- [nautilus-open-any-terminal](https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/nautilus-open-any-terminal/): Context-menu entry for opening other terminal in Nautilus.
+- [xwaylandvideobridge](https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/xwaylandvideobridge/): Utility to allow streaming Wayland windows to X applications. Very useful for sharing your screen on Google Meet, Zoom, Discord, etc.
+- [vesktop](https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/vesktop/): A standalone Electron app that loads Discord & Vencord. Supports streaming audio via Discord's screen share feature, something that the official Discord app [doesn't support yet](https://support.discord.com/hc/en-us/community/posts/360050971374-Linux-Screen-Share-Sound-Support?page=2).
+
+### Some tweaks
+
+- Disabled the "Activities" hot corner.
+- Set a fixed number of workspaces.
+- If an app supports Wayland, please use it, it will improve your experience by a lot. Running apps through Xwayland is not bad, but it's not the same as running them natively and you'll notice it.
+
+## Conclusion
+
+I'm very happy with my current setup, I haven't had any problems with it, and I'm very happy with the performance of Wayland, I'm not going back to Xorg, and I'm looking forward to the future of Wayland.